At a time when fossil fuels are becoming scarce and ecological awareness is promoting clean and renewable energies, power electronics is once again on the forefront. The power electronics industry is forced to produce more converters, with increased performance and lower cost. These performances are in the direction of better performance and increased power density. Applications require operations of environments considered severe in ambient temperature, vibration, and chemical aggression, but always indiscretion. Power electronics is one of the branches of electrical engineering, it relates to devices or converters that can change the shape of electrical energy. Since the eighties, it has found many applications, from the improvement of the characteristics of networks supporting heavy industries (SVC - Static VAR Compensator) like aluminum factories, to FACTS (Flexible Alternative Current Transmission Systems). For network stability and HVDC (High Voltage Direct Current) systems for long-distance links.
The success of a power converter, as an industrial product, is based on the control of many physical phenomena, in several areas. However, it would be difficult to advance a precise definition of concepts, technologies, and techniques that cover the acronym power electronics. This discipline supports the achievement of essential functions within systems, which the general public ultimately sees as the end. Whether in a train or a cell phone, the place of power electronics in these "products" is rarely emphasized. Power electronics power the functions of an "electronic" system, whatever it is. The image of the discipline "electronic power" is probably equal to the importance of this discipline in a system: everything indiscretion.
Power electronics presents a discipline dedicated to the conversion of electrical energy, the means of supplying precisely to a load the electrical energy it needs, - current, voltage and in spectral content and that dynamically - when it needs it, and this from one or more primary sources of electrical energy. Future energy networks will need to be accompanied by better regulation of electrical flows and voltage levels. With larger electric charges and more difficult to manage, the shape of the sine wave is deformed more and more, the quality of electrical energy suffers. A source of current or voltage is, therefore, necessary to counteract these undesirable effects. The power electronics can here provide appropriate remedies.
The success of a power converter, as an industrial product, is based on the control of many physical phenomena, in several areas. However, it would be difficult to advance a precise definition of concepts, technologies, and techniques that cover the acronym power electronics. This discipline supports the achievement of essential functions within systems, which the general public ultimately sees as the end. Whether in a train or a cell phone, the place of power electronics in these "products" is rarely emphasized. Power electronics power the functions of an "electronic" system, whatever it is. The image of the discipline "electronic power" is probably equal to the importance of this discipline in a system: everything indiscretion.
Power electronics presents a discipline dedicated to the conversion of electrical energy, the means of supplying precisely to a load the electrical energy it needs, - current, voltage and in spectral content and that dynamically - when it needs it, and this from one or more primary sources of electrical energy. Future energy networks will need to be accompanied by better regulation of electrical flows and voltage levels. With larger electric charges and more difficult to manage, the shape of the sine wave is deformed more and more, the quality of electrical energy suffers. A source of current or voltage is, therefore, necessary to counteract these undesirable effects. The power electronics can here provide appropriate remedies.
Power electronics is evolving very fast and by technological leaps. Power electronics can, particularly at the level of electricity transmission, be used to increase the transit capacity of networks and interconnect systems. It reduces the need to invest in the installation of new lines and avoids the construction of substations in places where space is insufficient. Not to mention that power converters can be coordinated and offer network services (including reactive power compensation), helping to better regulate electricity exchanges and grid charges. Solutions based on power electronics will take many forms. Some systems, such as electronic transformers at low and medium voltage, could see the light of day in about ten years. Others are currently being developed from technologies already available on electric power transmission systems.
The new power electronics applications are now looking for versatility but also extensibility. The advances achieved in power electronics components will allow converters to be more modular (in order to double the useful power, for example). Other key factors are at stake with future networks, including interoperability. Thus, the quest to simplify the connections of production facilities has already begun, with the development of standardized technical solutions and, ultimately, a plug-and-play approach.
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